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Health Education Research, Vol. 5, No. 4, 421-431, 1990
© 1990 Oxford University Press

research-article

Predictors of knowledge about healthy eating in a rural midwestern US city

John R. Finnegan, Jr, K. Viswanath1, Brenda Rooney, Paul McGovern, Judith Baxter, Patricia Elmer, Karen Graves, James Hertog2, Rececca Mullis3, Phyllis Pirie, Leslie Trenkner and John Potter

Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota Minneapolis
1School of Journalism, Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
2School of Journalism, University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky
3Centers for Disease Control Atlanta, Georgia, USA

Knowledge about health is an important factor in the health behavior change process, yet health knowledge is not equally distributed among populations. Research has suggested that differences in health knowledge are based in the influence of social structural and motivational conditions. This study examined socioeconomic status (SES) and other socio-demographic and motivational predictors of diet and health knowledge as part of the formative evaluation of a community-based cancer and diet campaign, the Cancer and Diet Intervention Project. The dependent variable was an open-ended measure of dietary change knowledge. Independent variables included education, income, gender, age a measure of community involvement, and the motivational variables of salience and efficacy for healthy dietary change. Data were collected using a random-digit-dial cross-sectional survey (N=377) of a small midwestern US city (population, 20 000). Findings indicated that response efficacy (belief in personal benefits of dietary change) was the strongest predictor of knowledge about healthy eating, followed by education and gender. Implications of planning public health campaigns are discussed.


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