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Health Education Research Advance Access originally published online on August 23, 2006
Health Education Research 2007 22(3):305-317; doi:10.1093/her/cyl067
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

A home-based, transtheoretical change model designed strength training intervention to increase exercise to prevent osteoporosis in Iranian women aged 40–65 years: a randomized controlled trial

Kambiz Karimzadeh Shirazi1,*, Louise M. Wallace2, Shamsaddin Niknami1, Alireza Hidarnia1, Giti Torkaman3, Mollie Gilchrist4 and Soghrate Faghihzadeh5

1 Department of Health Education, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Al-Ahmad and Chamran Cross, PO Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
2 Health Services Research Centre, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, CV1 5FB, Coventry, UK
3 Department of Physical Therapy, Tarbiat Modares University, Al-Ahmad and Chamran Cross, PO Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
4 Interprofessional Research Centre in Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Priory Street, CV1 5FB, Coventry, UK
5 Department of Biostatistics, Tarbiat Modares University, Al-Ahmad and Chamran Cross, PO Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran

* Correspondence to: K. K. Shirazi. E-mail: karimzadehshirazi{at}yahoo.com

Physical activity (PA) helps to prevent osteoporosis, but older women are often sedentary. This study used a pre–post randomized controlled design to evaluate a 12-week exercise education intervention program based on the stages of change (SoC) and processes of change from the transtheoretical change model (TTM) to improve adherence with strength and balance training recommendations at levels sufficient to prevent osteoporosis in Iranian women aged 40–65 years. The home-based exercise prescription consisted of strength and balance training that was progressive, individually tailored and included a walking program. Individuals in the training group (n = 61) had a positive, significant progression in psychological SoC (P < 0.001), whereas no progression in stages occurred in the control group (n = 55). After the intervention, the training group demonstrated significant improvements in PA, lower body muscle strength, static and dynamic balance, with no significant changes in the control group. These results support the applicability of the TTM for a PA intervention and indicate that this training program is very effective in improving balance and lower body strength in older women.

Received on July 9, 2005; accepted on June 15, 2006


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