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Health Education Research, Vol. 18, No. 6, 693-705, December 2003
© 2003 Oxford University Press

Are precontemplators less likely to change their dietary behavior? A prospective analysis

Ken Resnicow, Frances McCarty1 and Tom Baranowski2

School of Public Health, University of Michagan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, 1 Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 and 2 Baylor University College of Medicine, Houston, TX 00000, USA

e-mail: kresnic{at}sph.emory.edu

The association between baseline stage of change and intervention outcomes is examined in a sample of African-American adults who participated in the Eat for Life Trial, a study to increase fruit and vegetable (F & V) intake conducted through Black churches. We explore whether precontemplators responded differently over time than those in the preparation stage, a group assumed to be more likely to change their behavior. Stage of change, F & V intake (by food-frequency questionnaires) and psychosocial variables were assessed at baseline and 1-year follow-up. Individuals initially classified as precontemplators reported an increase in F & V intake as large as those in the preparation stage and precontemplators’ post-test intake was equivalent to those in preparation. Precontemplators’ change in psychosocial outcomes was also as large or larger than those in the preparation stage. At least with regard to F & V, these findings raise questions regarding the validity of stage of change, one element of the Transtheoretical Model, as a predictor of future behavior and intervention response.


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