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Health Education Research, Vol. 17, No. 3, 305-314, June 2002
© 2002 Oxford University Press

Psychosocial correlates of sun-protective practices of preschool staff toward their students

A. S. James, M. K. Tripp1, G. S. Parcel2, A. Sweeney3 and E. R. Gritz1

UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, 1 Department of Behavioral Science, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030-4009, and 2 Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research and 3 Department of Epidemiology, University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA

The skin cancer rate in the US has been increasing faster than that for other cancers. Most skin cancers are related to sun exposure and the majority of exposure occurs before adulthood. Thus, children are an important target group to study and preschools can be useful avenues for delivering sun-protection messages. The current study examines the behaviors of preschool staff in protecting students from sun exposure and investigates factors related to sun-protective practice. Preschool staff (n = 245) were surveyed about their sun-protective practices toward students as the cross-sectional baseline measurement for a larger project. The primary aim of this study was to investigate correlates of staff's sun-protective behavior toward students. A theoretical model of psychosocial constructs that combined components of the Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Cognitive Theory was evaluated using structural equation modeling. Self-efficacy and perceived norms were the strongest correlates of behavior. A hypothesized link between expectancy and behavior was not supported. The roles of self-efficacy and perceived norms in the preschool context are discussed as they relate to staff's behavior.


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E. R. Gritz, M. K. Tripp, A. S. James, R. B. Harrist, N. H. Mueller, R. M. Chamberlain, and G. S. Parcel
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