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Health Education Research, Vol. 11, No. 3, 383-395, 1996
© 1996 Oxford University Press

other

Social support as a predictor of dietary change in a low-income population

K.S. Kelsey, B.G. Kirkley1, R.F. De Vellis2, J.A. Earp2, A.S. Ammerman1, T.C. Keyserling3, J. Shannon4 and R.J. Simpson, Jr5

Center for Development and Learning, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC 27599
1Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC 27599
2Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, NC 27599
3Division of General Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599
4Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Research Program Seattle, WA 98104
5Division of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA

Social support has been found to predict success with health behavior change but, as yet, few studies examine the relationship between social support and dietary change in a low-income population. We developed a social support for dietary change measure for a low-income, hypercholesterolemic population and tested its predictive utility in a clinical trial with a dietary intervention. Questions were administered by telephone to 443 patients enrolled in the trial. Dietary change was measured by the Dietary Risk Assessment. Factor analysis revealed three social support factors: friend, family and negative support, and a fourth factor, motivation to change. Multiple regression analysis revealed that motivation to change was predictive of change to a less atherogenic diet. Results of a gender-stratified analysis revealed that friend support was a significant predictor of dietary change for women but not for men. Interaction effects indicated that high friend support increased the relationship between greater motivation and diet improvement, and that motivation was a stronger predictor for men than women. Results of this study indicate that friend support is especially helpful for women who are trying to change their diets while, for men, the most important factor is motivation.


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