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Health Education Research, Vol. 10, No. 3, 329-344, 1995
© 1995 Oxford University Press

research-article

Impact of a school-based AIDS prevention program on young adolescents' self-efficacy skills

Kyle Weeks, Susan R. Levy, Chenggang Zhu, Cydne Perhats, Arden Handler and Brian R. Flay

Prevention Research Center 850 West Jackson, Suite 400, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.

This paper examines the impact of a school-based AIDS prevention program on enhancing AIDS/STD-related self-efficacy and prevention practices among young teenage students. The 15 participating school districts are located in a large metropolitan area in the Midwest and were recruited from 45 districts likely to be at greatest risk for high prevalence of the human immunodeficiency virus. Districts were randomly assigned to either the treatment or the delayed treatment/control group. The intervention, which consisted of a 15-session curriculum taught in seventh and eighth grades by trained health educators, was delivered to 2318 students. It was designed to enhance AIDS-related self-efficacy, behavioral intentions and prevention practices through behavioral skills training. We measured two types of self-efficacy: (1) use self-efficacy, defined as students' perceived ability to obtain and use protective contraceptive products, and (2) refusal self-efficacy, defined as students' perceived ability to refuse to engage in high-risk behaviors. Results indicate that there were significant changes in some types of self-efficacy and intentions to adopt prevention practices in the treatment group. Specifically, the intervention had a significant effect on students' self-efficacy to buy contraceptive foam from stores, to obtain condoms and foam from clinics, and intentions to use condoms and foam together.


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